完形填空专项练习5题（4）——议论文

http://www.hteacher.net 2019-10-31 09:58 教师招聘网 [您的教师考试网]

Science is based upon observation. However, observation ___1___ is not science. Scientist generally state a problem. Then ___2___ guides them in their observations. But without observation people generally are not ___3__ of a problem. This then raises a question ___4__ comes first, the observation or the problem.

Curiosity awakes a ___5___ for observation. Observation will usually ___6___ specific questions in the mind of a scientist. __7__ his curiosity he begins to make observations. ___8__, he formulates a specific statement that can be tested. This statement is called a hypothesis. It’s the starting point for an experiment.

___9__ experimenting, the scientist tries to show or prove that the hypothesis is true __10__ false. He must use good ___11__ to create an experiment that __12__ the problem. The experiment must produce __13__ information or data. The data gathered during the experiment are observations.

Observations can be made directly and indirectly. For indirect observation, instruments are often used, __14__ instruments used by modern scientists are quite simple, others are very ___15__.

To complete his experiment, the scientist must state his observations ___16___ numerical form. This means that he has to make measurements. With the results from __17__ he can make more exact comparisons or descriptions to __18___ his hypothesis. The results of a scientific experiment ___19___ on a logical hypothesis can often ___20__ a better understanding of the world and the universe.

1. A. alone B. lonely C. mere D. sole

2. A. we B. it C. you D. they

3. A. known B. regardless C. aware D. informed

4. A. who B. whether C. what D. which

5. A. hope B. need C. group D. style

6. A. raise B. arise C. arouse D. rise

7. A. Satisfying B. Satisfying with C. To satisfy D. Satisfied with

8. A. Again B. Still C. Thus D. Then

9. A. On B. In C. By. D. At

10. A. not B. or C. nor D. and

11. A. imagination B. memory C. capacity D. machine

12. A. fits B. fits for C. fits out D. fits in

13. A. various B. vague C. valid D. various

14. A. No B. Some C. All D. Few

15. A. convenient B. comfortable C. compound D. complex

16. A. on B. with C. in D. by

17. A. it B. these C. this D. that

18. A. research B. prove C. approve D. improve

19. A. to base B. basing C. based D. being based

20. A. carry out B. lay off C. move on D. lead to

答案解析

1.【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词副词的用法。句意：单纯只是观察绝不能称之为科学。选项中alone可作副词或形容词，只作表语，不能作定语;而lonely只能作形容词，在句中充当定语或表语。alone是客观状态，表一个人或事物在环境中处于孤立状态。而lonely是一个人的主观感受。alone用作副词修饰动词时，应该放在动词后面作状语;alone用作副词时，也可作定语，意为“只有，仅仅”，但必须置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。该题中alone作副词，可以做后置定语，因此选择A。

2.【答案】B

【解析】考查上下文语境。上文提到科学家通常澄清一个问题之后，这个问题便会引导科学家们在观察中找到答案。因此本题代词it指代前文中提到的a problem，正确答案为B。

3.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词固定搭配。Be aware of是固定搭配，意为意识到、知道。

4.【答案】D

【解析】考查特殊疑问词的用法。句意：“那么问题就来了，究竟观察和问题，孰先孰后?”which表示哪一个，因此答案选择D。

5.【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“之所以需要观察都是源于好奇。”只有B项表达需要之意。

6.【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据句意不难推断出空白处应该填入的词意为“引发，提出”，即观察又会在科学家的脑海里提出特定的一些问题。A表示上升、增高、提出(问题);B表示出现;上升;起立;C表示引起;唤醒;鼓励;D表示上升;高地;增加;出现。因此，正确选项为A。

7.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词不定式的用法。动词不定式置句首表目的，意为“为了满足他的好奇心，他开始进行一些观察……”，故正确选项为C。

8.【答案】D

【解析】考查连词用法。根据句意应选择顺承连词，答案D为正确答案。

9.【答案】C

【解析】考查介词的用法。句意为“通过实验……”，因此答案选择C。

10.【答案】B

【解析】考查连词的用法。

11.【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。前文提到hypothesis，那么有了假说之后，科学家就需要通过好的想象力来进行实验。

12.【答案】A

【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。fit 为及物动词。

13.【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。valid 有效信息。

14.【答案】B

【解析】考查上下文关联。根据后文“others are very……”可知前文应该是与之相对应的“some”。

15.【答案】D

【解析】考查上下文关联。和前文simple相对应，选complex。

16.【答案】C

【解析】考查介词的用法。此处表示科学家们会用数字表格来陈述他们的调查发现。

17.【答案】B

【解析】考查代词。these指代前文measurements。

18.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。prove证明，此处意为“根据调查结果报告，科学家们将会用更确切的描述和对比研究来证实他的假设。

19.【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。based 过去分词做后置定语，be based on表示基于逻辑的假设。

20.【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。lay off停止，裁员，lead to 导致。

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